Brains are made from neurons, which comprise the electrical elements, and from glia, which provide a variety of essential cellular services. Your brain is an "organ" but so is your liver. What makes your brain capable of so much more than your liver? What do neurons look like and how does their structure affect their function? What is the purposes of the thousands of spines that cover the majority of neurons in your cortex? This talk will attempt to summarize the mechanisms by which neurons generate electrical impulses how they communicate with each other to form circuits and how the configuration of these circuits is dynamically adjusted by neuromodulators and activity. With this knowledge in hand we can discuss a number of a topics depending on the interests of the audience. In a general way what goes wrong with the brain in Multiple Sclerosis versus Parkinson’s versus Huntington’s or depression or Rett Syndrome? How do glia keep the chemical environment of the brain stable? What is the connection between neuronal activity, glia and blood flow in the brain? What is the extra challenge posed by the blood brain barrier for drug development? What happens in the brain around a stroke in the first few hours and later to the neurons that aren’t killed by a stroke?